Aldehyde condensation products and the process of making same



Patented Aug. 23, 1932 1,873,599

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HANS KAPPELER, OI BASEL, SWITZERLAND, ASSIGNOR T OSOCIETY OF CHEMICAL I INDUSTRY IN BASLE, OF BASEL, SWITZERLAND ALDEHYDE COMPENSATION PRODUCTS AND THE PROCESS OF MAKING SAME No Drawing. Application filed Kay 31, 1980, Serial No. 458,896, and in Switzerland June 12, 1929.

This invention relates to new resinlike conagent, softening agent, or the like, whereby densation products from furfural and it comthe properties of the final product may be prises the manufacture thereof, as well as the affected in various manners. It is also posproducts themselves and their technical use. sible to treat the finished condensation prod- It is known that furfural is condensed by not in the cold or at raised temperature, with acids to black sandy masses which have no Inorganic or organic impregnating agents, practical application because of their inferior WlllCh 1f necessary may be used in solution. mechanical properties. The following examples illustrate the 1n- 1 have found that valuable artificial masses Ventlon may be obtained by condensing furfural in the Ewample 1 presence or absence of a solvent or diluent 20 art by vol of o i l f f l and by means of an acid condensing agent are mixed with 10 parts by volume of acetalwith another aldehyde or mixture of aldedehyde and 5 parts by volume of concenhydes. trated hydrochloric acid, and the mixture is As aldehydes any aliphatic or aromatic alpoured into molds ca able of being cooled. dehyde may be used, such as formaldehyde, The temperature of t 1e mixture should not acetaldehyde andtheir higher homologues; substantially exceed about C. It soon further crotonaldehyde, benzaldehyde and its becomes brown-black and solidifies in the homologues, etc. course of a couple of days to a homogeneous,

20 The condensation may be carried out in solid mass, which is allowed to remain for one or in several stages; in the latter case the some further days Without further cooling, furfural is first caused to act with an aldehyde in order to complete the reaction. or mixture of aldehydes without a catalyst, The molded pieces are then removed from whereupon the product formed is converted the molds and Washed until they are free into the final product by addition of an acid from acid. This operation occupies several condensing agent, in some cases with further days according to the thickness of the molded addition of aldehyde. piece. The masses obtained are then Th term ald hyd comprises al p lycautiously dried, preferably first at a commerization products of aldehydes, such as para lvely low temperature and then at a $0 metaldehyde, paraldehyde, paraformaldeh g e mp rature.

hyde or the like. In this mannerdeep black, infusible masses The proportion of the components to each r embllng bon te, and having a lustrous {)thepmay b i d ithi id 1i it surface, are obtained; they are insoluble in 33 acids, such as, for instance, hydrochloric acid, acids and alkali S IHt-iOII S- sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid or acid salts Instead of hydrochlonc 391d, Othef mlperal may b used acids may be used, such as sulfuric acid or As a rule, the reaction does not require exhydrofluoric acid- To the solution undergoing condensation figg g z g izifigg 5; 2113 If deslred It may be added a dyestuff, a fill lllQ' material, a 9

flea ance. According to the proportion of solvent softening agent or the like, whereby the pro perties of the final product may be influenced in various ways.

By treating the finished product with an impre atin a ent such as a dr in oil or dlhlent d 111 the (fondensatloni h P furfug l, pre fer%bly at a raised teiiipe rature,

nets are specifically llghtGIOI heavier than ti u h a its strength and porosity, water. may be changed.

The condensation may be conducted wholly The still fluid solution undergoing condenor in part in presence of a dyestufl, filling sation can be impregnated with many kinds The condensation products are black masses resembling ebonite and of considerable me chanical strength and marked chemical resist- As condensing agents especially mineral all usual solvents and even resist the action of Q of material, such as wood, paper or cellulose. Example 2 3 parts by volume of benzald'ehyde are mixed with 10 parts by volume of furfural and 3 parts by volume of concentrated hydrochloric acid. The mixture is poured into a mold and allowed to remain therein for several days. The black jelly formed is then warmed on the water bath for a short time. After cooling down the hard lustrous mass is removed from the mold and further treated as in Example 1.

Ewamplcj, 6.5 parts by weight of paraldehyde are mixed with 18 parts by weigsit of furfural and 5 parts by weight of concentrated hydrochloric acid and the mixture is poured into a mold. The solution becomes dark and solidifies after some days to form a black mass, which is further treated as described in Example 1.

Instead of the paraldehyde, the same weight of metaldehyde or an equivalent quantity of para-formaldehyde may be used.

Example 5 10 parts by weight of furfural are mixed with 2.5 parts by weight of acetaldehyde, a parts by weight of formaldehyde solution of 3-5 per cent. strength and 10 parts by weight of concentrated hydrochloric acid. The mixture is poured into a mold and after some days solidifies to a mass which is further treated as described in Example 1 to produce a similar product.

Example 6 Equal parts of furfuramide and acetaldehyde are mixed together and there are added, while cooling well, and in portions, tw1ce the weight of concentrated hydrochloric acid. Condensation occurs with separation of ammonium chloride and in a few days a solid black mass is formed which is further treated as described in Example 1.

Example 7 20 parts by volume of furfural and 10 parts by volume of acetaldehyde are mixed together and 5 parts by volume of sulfuric acid of 60 per cent. strength added thereto while 0001- ing The solution turns quickly greenish black. It is poured into molds and allowed to stand therein with some cooling. After an hour the content of the mold is viscous and after a day a hard black molded body is formed which is further treated as in Example 1 to produce a similar product.

Ewample 8 10 parts by volume of furfural are mixed with 5 parts by volume 'of acetaldehyde and 4 parts by weight of anhydrous phosphoric acid added thereto. The resulting liquid which gradually turns dark is allowed to stand for two daysat ordinary temperature and then heated for about one hour in a water bath, whereupon it solidifies to a black gelatinous mass, which gradually gets hard and infusible. It is further worked up as described in Example 1.

What I claim is 1. A process for the manufacture of infusible black artificial masses by causing furfural to interact with other aldehydes in presence of a mineral acid condensing agent.

2. A process for the manufacture of infusible black artificial masses by causing furfural to interact with. other aldehydcs in presence of a mineral acid condensing agent until the liquid reaction mixture solidifies, then washing and drying the resulting infusible mass.

3. A process for the manufacture of infusible black artificial masses by causing furfural to interact with other aldehydes in presence of a mineral acid condensing agent, pouring the liquid reaction mixture into a mold and allowing it to solidify therein, whereupon the resulting molded product is washed and dried.

4. As new products black infusible artificial masses which can be obtained by the interaction of furfural with other aldehydcs in presence of a 'mineral acid condensing agent, said bodies being insoluble in the usual resin solvents and even resist the action of acids and alkali solutions.

5. As new articles of manufacture the black molded bodies which can be obtained by the interaction of furfural with other aldehydes in presence of a mineral acid condensing agent, said bodies resembling ebonite, having a lustrous surface, being infusible and insoluble in the usual resin solvents and even resisting the action of acids and alkali solutions.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name this 22nd day of May, 1930.

HANS KAPPELER. 

